HIV Infection in South Australia
HIV Infection 1985 - 31/12/07
There have been 1108 individuals diagnosed with HIV
infection, 993 (90%) males and 115 (10%) females (Figure 4.2, Table
1.1). Of the males,
732 (74%) reported male-to-male sexual contact, 74 (7%) reported injecting
drug use and 47 (5%) reported both risk factors.
Injecting drug use was reported by 32 (29%) of the women diagnosed
with HIV infection and 73 (64%) reported heterosexual transmission.
HIV Infection 01/01/07 - 31/12/07
Fifty-five individuals have been notified
with HIV infection this year (44 males, 11 females) (Table 1.2). Twenty-three individuals were likely to
have acquired their infection overseas and a further two were likely to
have acquired the infection interstate (summary characteristics).
Of the 44 males diagnosed, 30 reported
male-to-male sexual contact, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and
injecting drug use as their risk factor.
Seven males originated from or reported heterosexual sexual contact
with a partner from a country where HIV is transmitted predominantly by
heterosexual contact.
Of the eleven females diagnosed, five
originated from or reported sexual contact with partners from countries
where there is a high prevalence of HIV infection.
Two females aged less than 15 years of age originated from
countries where there is a high prevalence of HIV infection and their risk
exposure was reported as mother to child transmission (summary
characteristics)
HIV
Infection 01/10/07 - 31/12/07
Fifteen males were diagnosed with HIV infection during the
fourth quarter. Of the 15
males, six reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk factor,
three males reported male-to-male sexual contact and injecting drug use,
two males reported sexual contact with female partners from countries
where HIV infection is predominately transmitted heterosexually (Table
1.2).
Newly
acquired infections 01/01/2007 - 31/12/2007
Among the 32 men who reported homosexual or homosexual/IDU contact, six
had acquired their infection in the preceding 12 months. Nine had not
previously been tested, 13 males had had a negative test more than 12
months previously and four males had a previous positive test overseas (Table 1.3).
Newly acquired cases are infections acquired in the last 12 months, and
are identified by negative serology in the preceding 12 months or
diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding 12 months.
Laboratory Screening For HIV Infection 01/10/07 - 31/12/07
During 2007, 85721 HIV antibody tests were performed, 35969
(41%) on males, 49498 (58%) on females and 254 tests on individuals whose
sex was unknown (Table 1.5).
Table 1.1
HIV infection
detected in South Australia, 1985 - 31/12/07.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure
category
|
Male
|
Female
|
Total
|
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
|
Homosexual
|
733
|
74
|
na
|
|
733
|
66
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
47
|
5
|
na
|
|
47
|
4
|
|
Heterosexual
|
34
|
3
|
35
|
30
|
69
|
6
|
|
Heterosexual (overseas)
|
56
|
6
|
39
|
34
|
95
|
8
|
|
IDU
|
75
|
7
|
32
|
29
|
107
|
10
|
|
Blood
products
|
8
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
10
|
1
|
|
Other
|
6
|
1
|
5
|
3
|
11
|
1
|
|
Unknown
|
34
|
3
|
2
|
2
|
36
|
4
|
|
Total
|
993
|
|
115
|
|
1108
|
|
na
not applicable
Table 1.2
HIV infection detected in South Australia, 01/10/07 - 31/12/07
and year.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure category
|
4th Quarter
01/10/07 - 31/12/07
|
Year
01/01/07 - 31/12/07
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
Homosexual
|
5
|
na
|
30
|
na
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
-
|
na
|
2
|
na
|
|
Heterosexual
contact
|
-
|
2
|
1
|
3
|
|
Heterosexual
(overseas)
|
2
|
1
|
7
|
5
|
|
Heterosexual/IDU
|
-
|
-
|
3
|
1
|
|
Not stated/other
|
1
|
-
|
1
|
2
|
|
Total
|
8
|
4
|
44
|
11
|
na
not applicable
Table 1.3
Newly acquired infections (Incident cases*) of HIV, 01/10/07 - 31/12/07
and year.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure
category
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/07 - 31/12/07
|
Year
01/01/07 - 31/12/07
|
|
Male
|
Male
|
|
Homosexual
|
-
|
6
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
-
|
-
|
|
Heterosexual
(overseas)
|
-
|
-
|
|
Total
|
-
|
6
|
*
Incident
case
- negative serology or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding
12 months.
na
not applicable
Table
1.4 HIV
infection in males in South Australia, 01/10/07 - 31/12/07
and
year.
Case category by age at diagnosis.
|
Case
category
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/07 - 31/12/07
|
Year
01/01/07 - 31/12/07
|
|
Age group
(years)
|
Age group
(years)
|
|
<25
|
25
- 39
|
³40
|
<25
|
25
- 39
|
³40
|
|
Newly
acquired1
|
1
|
2
|
-
|
1
|
3
|
2
|
|
Greater
than 12 months2
|
-
|
1
|
1
|
1
|
4
|
10
|
|
Uncertain
duration3
|
-
|
2
|
3
|
-
|
10
|
13
|
|
Total
|
1
|
5
|
4
|
2
|
17
|
25
|
1
Incident case - negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed
seroconversion illness in the
preceding
12 months.
2
Infection likely to be greater than 12 months - risk behaviour confined to
more than 12 months ago or
diagnosed
seroconversion illness more than 12 months ago.
3
Uncertain duration - tested for the first time this year and no
seroconversion illness or AIDS defining illness
present.
Table 1.5 Summary
of HIV antibody tests, 01/10/07 - 31/12/07 and year.
Laboratory by sex.
|
Laboratory
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/07 - 31/12/07
|
Year
01/01/07 - 31/12/07
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
Unknown
|
Male
|
Female
|
Unknown
|
Total
|
|
Public
|
6055
|
7831
|
73
|
26043
|
33761
|
249
|
60053
|
|
Private
|
2354
|
3944
|
-
|
9926
|
15737
|
5
|
25668
|
|
Total
|
8409
|
11775
|
73
|
35969
|
49498
|
254
|
85721
|
|
Health
on the Net Code of Conduct for health-related sites