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Pamphlet
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HIV Infection in South Australia

HIV Infection 1985 - 30/09/05

In South Australia, 980 individuals have been diagnosed with HIV infection, 886 (90%) males and 94 (10%) females. Of the males, 668 (76%) reported male-to-male sexual contact, 68 (8%) reported injecting drug use and 40 (4%) reported both risk factors. Heterosexual transmission was reported by 30 (32%) females diagnosed with HIV infection and 29 (31%) females reported injecting drug use (Table 1.1).

HIV Infection 01/01/05 - 30/09/05

Forty-one individuals have been notified with HIV infection so far this year (38 males,
3 females) (Table 1.2).

Of the 38 males, 26 reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk factor, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and injecting drug use, six males reported heterosexual contact and three heterosexual males reported injecting drug use as their risk factor.

Heterosexual transmission

A total of 12 individuals (9 males, 3 females) identified as heterosexual (Table 1.2). Of the nine males, four reported female partners from countries where HIV is predominately transmitted heterosexually, three were either current or past injecting drug users and two men deny exposures other than sexual contact with an anonymous female partner.

HIV Infection 01/07/05 - 30/09/05

Eight males were diagnosed with HIV infection during the third quarter. Of the eight men, seven reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk factor, one reported male-to-male sexual contact and injecting drug use.

Newly acquired infections 01/01/05 - 30/09/05

Of the 28 males notified this year, 15 acquired their infection in the preceding 12 months. Fourteen of the 15 males reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk factor, one male reported heterosexual contact with partners overseas. (Table 1.3).

Newly acquired infections 01/07/05 - 30/09/05

Of the 8 males diagnosed during the third quarter, 2 had acquired their infection in the preceding 12 months and both reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk factor. (Table 1.3).

Newly acquired cases are infections acquired in the last 12 months, and are identified by negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding 12 months.(Table 1.4).

Laboratory Screening For HIV Infection 01/07/05 - 30/09/05.

During the third quarter of 2005, 22341 screening tests were performed, 9662 (43%) on males, 12659 (56%) on females and 20 tests on individuals whose sex was unknown. (Table 1.5).

Table 1.1 HIV infection detected in South Australia, 1985 - 30/09/05.
Exposure category by sex.

Exposure category	Male		Female		Total
Exposure category	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
Homosexual contact	668	75	na		668	68
Homosexual contact/IDU	40	4	na		40	4
Heterosexual contact (overseas)	26	3	30	32	56	6
Heterosexual contact	41	4	29	31	70	7
IDU	68	8	29	31	97	10
Blood products	8	1	2	2	10	1
Other	4	1	3	3	7	1
Unknown	31	4	1	1	32	3
Total	886		94		980

^{n.a. not
applicable}

Table 1.2 HIV infection detected in South Australia, 01/07/05 - 30/09/05.
Exposure category by sex.

Exposure category	3rd Quarter 01/07/05 -30/09/05		Year to date 01/01/05 - 30/09/05
Exposure category	Male	Female	Male	Female
Homosexual	7	na	26	na
Heterosexual/IDU	1	na	2	na
Heterosexual	-	-	2	-
Heterosexual (overseas)	-	-	3	1
Heterosexual/IDU	-	1	4	2
Not stated	-	-	1	-
Total	8	1	38	3

Table 1.3 Newly acquired HIV infection (incident cases¹)
01/07/05 - 30/09/05 and year to date. Exposure category by sex.

Exposure category	3rd Quarter 01/07/05 - 30/09/05		Year to date 01/01/05 - 30/09/05
Exposure category	Male	Female	Male	Female	Total
Homosexual	2	na	14	na	14
Heterosexual (overseas)		-	1	-	1
Total	2	-	15	-	15

    ^{na not
applicable

    1    Incident case - negative serology in the preceding 12
months or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the

        preceding 12 months.}

Table 1.4 HIV infection in males in South Australia, 01/07/05 - 30/09/05 and year.
Case category by age at diagnosis.

Case category	2nd Quarter 01/07/05 - 30/09/05 Age group (years)			Year to date 01/01/05 - 30/09/05 Age group (years)
Case category	<25	25 - 39	³40	<25	25 - 39	³40
Newly acquired¹	-	1	1	2	9	4
Greater than 12 months²	-	1	1	-	4	4
Uncertain duration³	2	1	1	2	6	4
Known positive (overseas)	-	-	-	-	2	1
Total	2	3	3	4	21	13

1 Incident case - negative serology or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding 12 months.

2 Infection likely to be greater than 12 months - risk behaviour confined to more than 12 months ago or diagnosed seroconversion illness more than 12 months ago.

3 Uncertain duration - tested for the first time this year and no seroconversion illness or AIDS defining illness present.

Table 1.5 Summary of HIV antibody tests, 01/07/05 - 30/09/05.
Laboratory by sex.

Laboratory	2nd Quarter 01/07/05 - 30/09/05			Year to date 01/01/05 - 30/09/05
Laboratory	Male	Female	Unknown	Male	Female	Unknown	Total
Public	5825	7561	15	18449	24251	169	42869
Private	3837	5098	5	11522	15230	5	26757
Total	9662	12659	20	29971	39481	174	69626

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