HIV Infection in South Australia
HIV Infection 1985 - 31/12/04
In South Australia, 937 individuals have been
diagnosed with HIV infection, 846 (90%) males and 91 (10%) females.
Of the males, 640 (76%) reported male-to-male sexual contact, 65
(8%) reported injecting drug use and 38 (4%) reported both risk factors.
Heterosexual transmission was reported by 57 (63%) females diagnosed with
HIV infection, 28 (31%) females reported injecting drug use (Table
1.1).
HIV Infection 01/01/04 - 31/12/04
Fifty-four individuals have been notified with
HIV infection this year (48 males, 6 females)
(Table 1.2). Of the 48 males, 30 reported male-to-male sexual
contact as their risk factor, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and
injecting drug use, nine males reported heterosexual contact and five
heterosexual males reported injecting drug use as their risk factor.
Heterosexual
transmission
A
total of 20 individuals (14 males, 6 females) identified as heterosexual (Table
1.2).
Of the 14 males, seven reported female partners
from countries where HIV is predominately transmitted heterosexually and
five were either current or past injecting drug users. One male denies exposures other than sexual contact with an
anonymous female partner, and in the other case female partners have
subsequently tested negative and no other exposures have been identified
to date.
HIV Infection 01/10/04
- 31/12/04
Six
males were diagnosed with HIV infection during the fourth quarter.
Of the six men, four reported male-to-male sexual contact as their
risk factor, and two males reported sexual contact with females partners
from countries where HIV infection is predominately transmitted
heterosexually (Table 1.2).
Newly acquired
infections 01/01/2004 - 31/12/04
Of the 48 males, 30 reported male-to-male sexual
contact as their risk factor, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and
injecting drug use, nine males reported heterosexual contact and five
heterosexual males reported injecting drug use as their risk factor (Table 1.3).
Newly acquired cases are infections acquired in
the last 12 months, and are identified by negative serology in the
preceding 12 months or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding
12 months.
Laboratory Screening For HIV Infection 01/10/04 - 31/12/04
During the fourth quarter of
2004, 20451 screening tests were performed, 8855 (43%) on males, 11521
(56%) on females and 75 tests on individuals whose sex was unknown
(Table 1.5).
Table 1.1
HIV infection
detected in South Australia, 1985 - 31/12/04.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure
category
|
Male
|
Female
|
Total
|
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
|
Homosexual
|
640
|
76
|
na
|
|
640
|
68
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
38
|
4
|
na
|
|
38
|
4
|
|
Heterosexual
|
61
|
7
|
7
|
63
|
118
|
12
|
|
IDU
|
65
|
8
|
28
|
31
|
93
|
10
|
|
Blood
products
|
8
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
10
|
1
|
|
Other
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
3
|
7
|
1
|
|
Unknown
|
30
|
3
|
51
|
1
|
31
|
4
|
|
Total
|
846
|
|
91
|
|
937
|
|
Table 1.2
HIV infection detected in South Australia, 01/10/04 - 31/12/04
and year.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure category
|
4th Quarter
01/10/04 - 31/12/04
|
Year
01/01/04 - 31/12/04
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
Homosexual
|
4
|
na
|
30
|
na
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
-
|
na
|
2
|
na
|
|
Heterosexual/IDU
|
2
|
2
|
9
|
4
|
|
Heterosexual
contact
|
-
|
2
|
5
|
2
|
|
Not stated
|
-
|
-
|
2
|
-
|
|
Total
|
6
|
4
|
48
|
6
|
na
not applicable
Table 1.3
Newly acquired infections (Incident cases*) of HIV, 01/10/04 - 31/12/04
and year.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure
category
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/04 - 31/12/04
|
Year
01/01/04 - 31/12/04
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
Male
|
Female
|
|
Homosexual
|
1
|
na
|
12
|
na
|
|
Homosexual/IDU
|
-
|
na
|
1
|
na
|
|
Heterosexual
contact
|
-
|
-
|
3
|
-
|
|
Heterosexual/IDU
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
1
|
|
Other
|
-
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
|
Total
|
1
|
1
|
17
|
1
|
*
Incident
case
- negative serology or diagnosed seroconversion illness in the preceding
12 months.
na
not applicable
Table
1.4 HIV
infection in males in South Australia, 01/10/04 - 31/12/04
and
year.
Case category by age at diagnosis.
|
Case
category
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/04 - 31/12/04
|
Year
01/01/04 - 31/12/04
|
|
Age group
(years)
|
Age group
(years)
|
|
<25
|
25
- 39
|
³40
|
<25
|
25
- 39
|
³40
|
|
Newly
acquired1
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
4
|
7
|
6
|
|
Greater
than 12 months2
|
-
|
-
|
2
|
-
|
10
|
9
|
|
Uncertain
duration3
|
-
|
2
|
1
|
1
|
5
|
6
|
|
Total
|
|
3
|
3
|
5
|
22
|
21
|
1
Incident case - negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed
seroconversion illness in the
preceding
12 months.
2
Infection likely to be greater than 12 months - risk behaviour confined to
more than 12 months ago or
diagnosed
seroconversion illness more than 12 months ago.
3
Uncertain duration - tested for the first time this year and no
seroconversion illness or AIDS defining illness
present.
Table 1.5 Summary
of HIV antibody tests, 01/10/04 - 31/12/04 and year.
Laboratory by sex.
|
Laboratory
|
4th
Quarter
01/10/04 - 31/12/04
|
Year
01/01/04 - 31/12/04
|
|
Male
|
Female
|
Unknown
|
Male
|
Female
|
Unknown
|
Total
|
|
Public
|
5449
|
7175
|
75
|
22539
|
29704
|
410
|
52653
|
|
Private
|
3406
|
4346
|
-
|
12710
|
17486
|
-
|
30196
|
|
Total
|
8855
|
11521
|
75
|
35249
|
47190
|
410
|
82849
|
|
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