HIV Infection in South Australia
HIV Infection 1985 - 30/09/04
In South
Australia, 928 individuals have been diagnosed with HIV infection, 841
(91%) males and 87 (9%) females. Of
the males, 636 (76%) reported male-to-male sexual contact, 65 (8%)
reported injecting drug use and 38 (5%) reported both risk factors.
Heterosexual transmission was reported by 55 (63%) females
diagnosed with HIV infection and 26 (30%) females reported injecting drug
use
(Table
1.1).
HIV
Infection 01/01/04 - 30/09/04
Forty-five
individuals have been notified with HIV infection so far this year (43
males, 2 females) (Table 1.2).
Of
the 43 males, 27 reported male-to-male sexual contact as their risk
factor, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and injecting drug use,
seven males reported heterosexual contact and five heterosexual males
reported injecting drug use as their risk factor.
Heterosexual
transmission
A total of
14 individuals (12 males, 2 females) identified as heterosexual (Table
1.2). Of the 12 males, five
reported female partners from countries where HIV is predominately
transmitted heterosexually and five were either current or past injecting
drug users. Investigation is
continuing in 2 further cases. One
male denies exposures other than sexual contact with an anonymous female
partner, and in the other case female partners have subsequently tested
negative and no other exposures have been identified to date.
HIV Infection 01/07/04 -
30/09/04
Seventeen
males were diagnosed with HIV infection during the third quarter.
Of the 17 men, 11 reported male-to-male sexual contact as their
risk factor, two reported male-to-male sexual contact and injecting drug
use, and two males reported heterosexual contact as their risk factor (Table 1.2).
Newly
acquired infections 01/01/2004 - 30/09/2004
Of
the 43 males notified this year 16 have acquired their infection in the
preceding 12 months, eleven of the 16 males reported male-to-male sexual
contact as their risk factor, three males reported heterosexual contact, 2
with partners overseas and the other reported sexual contact with an
anonymous female partner in South Australia
(Table 1.3).
Newly
acquired infections 01/07/04 - 30/09/04
Of
the 17 males diagnosed during the third quarter, six had acquired their
infection in the preceding 12 months. Five males reported male-to-male
sexual contact as their risk factor
(Table 1.3).
Newly
acquired cases are infections acquired in the last 12 months, and are
identified by negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed
seroconversion illness in the preceding 12 months.
Laboratory
Screening for HIV Infection
During the third quarter of 2004, 20413 screening
tests were performed, 8706 (43%) on males and 11707 (57%) on females (Table 1.5).
Table 1.1
HIV infection
detected in South Australia, 1985 - 30/09/2004.
Exposure category by sex.
|
Exposure
category |
Male |
Female |
Total |
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
No.
|
%
|
|
Homosexual
contact
|
636
|
76
|
na
|
-
|
636
|
69
|
|
Homosexual
contact/IDU
|
38
|
4
|
na
|
-
|
38
|
4
|
|
Heterosexual
contact
|
59
|
7
|
55
|
63
|
114
|
11
|
|
|
65
|
8
|
26
|
30
|
91
|
10
|
|
Blood
products
|
8
|
1
|
2
|
2
|
10
|
1
|
|
Other
|
4
|
1
|
3
|
4
|
7
|
1
|
|
Unknown
|
31
|
3
|
1
|
1
|
32
|
4
|
|
Total
|
841
|
|
87
|
|
928
|
|
na not applicable
Table 1.2
HIV infection detected in South Australia, 01/07/04 - 30/09/04
and year to date. Exposure category by
sex.
|
Exposure category |
3rd Quarter
01/07/04 - 30/09/04 |
Year to date
01/01/04 - 30/09/04 |
|
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
|
Homosexual |
11
|
na
|
27
|
na
|
|
Homosexual/IDU |
2
|
na
|
2
|
na
|
|
Heterosexual |
2
|
-
|
7
|
2
|
|
Heterosexual/IDU |
2
|
-
|
5
|
-
|
|
Blood
products (overseas) |
-
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
|
Not stated |
-
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
|
Total |
17
|
-
|
43
|
2
|
n.a. not applicable
Table 1.3
Newly acquired
HIV infection (Incident cases*), 01/07/04 - 30/09/04
and year to date.
Exposure category by sex.
|
|
3rd Quarter
01/07/04 - 30/09/04 |
Year to date
01/01/04 - 30/09/04 |
|
Exposure category |
Male |
Female |
Male |
Female |
Total |
|
Homosexual |
4
|
na
|
11
|
na
|
11
|
|
Homosexual/IDU |
1
|
na
|
1
|
na
|
1
|
|
Heterosexual |
1
|
-
|
3
|
-
|
3
|
|
Blood
products (overseas) |
-
|
-
|
1
|
-
|
1
|
|
Total |
6
|
|
16
|
|
16
|
* Incident case -
negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed seroconversion
illness
in the preceding 12 months
na - not applicable
Table
1.4 HIV infection in males in South Australia,
01/07/04 - 30/09/04
and year to date. Case category by age at diagnosis.
|
Case category |
3rd Quarter
01/07/04 - 30/09/04 |
Year to date
01/01/04 - 30/09/04 |
|
Age group (years)
<25
25 - 39 ≥40 |
Age group (years)
<25
25 - 39
≥40 |
|
Newly acquired1 |
3
|
1
|
2
|
4
|
6
|
6
|
|
Greater than 12 months2 |
-
|
5
|
4
|
-
|
11
|
6
|
|
Uncertain duration3 |
1
|
-
|
1
|
1
|
3
|
6
|
|
Total |
4
|
6
|
7
|
5
|
20
|
18
|
1
Incident
case - negative serology in the preceding 12 months or diagnosed
seroconversion illness
in the preceding 12 months.
2
Infection likely to be greater than 12 months - risk behaviour confined to
more than 12 months ago
or diagnosed seroconversion illness more than 12
months ago.
3
Uncertain duration- tested for the first time this year and no
seroconversion illness or AIDS defining
illness present.
Table 1.5
Summary of HIV
antibody tests, 01/07/04 - 30/09/04 and year to date.
Laboratory by sex.
Laboratory
|
3rd Quarter
01/07/04 - 30/09/04
|
Year to date
01/01/04 - 30/09/04
|
Male
|
Female
|
Male
|
Female
|
Total
|
Public
|
5297
|
7204
|
17090
|
22529
|
39619
|
Private
|
3409
|
4503
|
9304
|
13140
|
22444
|
Total
|
8706
|
11707
|
26394
|
35669
|
62063
|
|
Health
on the Net Code of Conduct for health-related sites